Veganism - Wikipedia. Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals. A healthy diet during pregnancy contains much of the same balance of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients as a healthy diet in general. The difference is that you need.Dietary vegans (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal- derived substances. At first he used it to mean . More vegan stores opened, and vegan options became increasingly available in supermarkets and restaurants in many countries. In Massachusetts Amos Bronson Alcott, father of the novelist Louisa May Alcott, opened the Temple School in 1. Fruitlands in 1. 84. The Vegetarian Society .. Wheldon's No Animal Food: Two Essays and 1. Recipes, was published in London in 1. There were regular discussions about it in the Vegetarian Messenger; it appears from the correspondence pages that many opponents of veganism came from within the vegetarian community.
Which protein powders and drinks failed testing and which passed; Direct comparisons and quality ratings of protein supplements and foods; The pros and cons of. Athletes and Protein Intake By Densie Webb, PhD, RD Today’s Dietitian Vol. Experts weigh in on whether the Recommended Dietary. After Gastric Sleeve / Bypass Diet. These are general guidelines regarding when to introduce various foods. Everyone is different and may not progress at the same rate. This lent support to the vegan position, although Gandhi himself drank goat's milk. This became the predominant view of the Vegetarian Society, which in 1. When the request was turned down, Donald Watson, secretary of the Leicester branch, set up a new quarterly newsletter in November 1. They suggested allvega, neo- vegetarian, dairyban, vitan, benevore, sanivores and beaumangeur. Those in attendance were Donald Watson, Elsie B. Henderson, Alfred Hy Haffenden, Paul Spencer and Bernard Drake, with Mme Pataleewa (Barbara Moore, a Russian- British engineer) observing. Henderson, and Aids to a Vegan Diet for Children by Kathleen V. In 1. 94. 7 Watson wrote: . Jay Dinshah founded the American Vegan Society (AVS), linking veganism to the concept of ahimsa, . Mc. Dougall, Michael Greger and biochemist T. Colin Campbell, argued that diets based on animal fat and animal protein, such as the Western pattern diet, were detrimental to health. Dean Ornish's Program for Reversing Heart Disease (1. Articles on veganism were viewed more during this period than articles on vegetarianism in the English, French, German, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish Wikipedias.! Food declared that it had become . According to the latter, 7. Moreover, this philosophy is also related to capitalist theories as the consumption of meat and meat products as there are a high demand for resources to sustain the meat market. This philosophy closely examines how the principles of feminist ideologies of how “feminism is a movement to end sexism, sexist exploitation, and oppression”. Just as animals are farmed to produce goods for humans, they are related in terms of their sexual organs, bred, then kept contained until it is time for their manual labor contribution or slaughter for food purposes. Pioneers of Feminist Veganism. One of the leading activists and scholars of feminist animal rights is Carol J. Her premier work, The Sexual Politics of Meat: A Feminist- Vegetarian Critical Theory (1. Since the release of The Sexual Politics of Meat, Adams has published several other works including essays, books, and keynote addresses. Adams ideals are carried out thoroughly, and in one of her speeches, “Why feminist- vegan now?”. Other authors have also paralleled Adams’ ideas while expanding on them. Angella Duvnjak states in “Joining the dots: some reflections on feminist- Vegan political practice and choice” that she was met with opposition to the connection of feminist and veganism ideals, although the connection seemed more than obvious to her and other scholars (2. For example, Marjorie Spiegal compares the consumption or servitude of animals for human gain to slavery. This capitalist use of animals for personal gain has held strong, despite the work of animal rights activists and ecofriendly feminists. Similar notions that suggest animals—like fish, for example—feel less pain are brought forth today as a justification for animal cruelty. Animal rights activists closely relates animal cruelty to feminist issues. This connection is even further mirrored as animals that are used for breeding practices are compared to human trafficking victims and migrant sex workers. It is a common fact the prevalence of violence against animals are more defined in those with psychopathic disorders. This mirroring of violence against animals and violence against weaker animals lead the pioneers of feminist veganism to suggest that there is a correspondence between violence against humans and animals, supporting feminist veganism. Capitalism and Feminist Veganism. Another way that feminist veganism relates to feminist thoughts is through the capitalist means of the production itself. Adams, mentions Barbara Noske talking about “meat eating as the ultimate capitalist product, because it takes so much to make the product, it uses up so many resources”. This capitalist nature of workers and the product they are responsible for producing being kept separate from one another only raises the hierarchy of the trade industry. Since feminism is intersectional, even the capitalistic nature of the production and sale of animals places animal consumption under feminist activism. Animal products. Dietary vegans might use animal products in clothing (as leather, wool, and silk), toiletries and similar. Vegans reject the commodification of animals. Some of these are chemical compounds that can be derived from animal products, plants, or petrochemicals. Allantoin, lactic acid, retinol and squalene, for example, can be vegan. These products and their origins are not always included in the list of ingredients. They avoid certain vaccines; the flu vaccine, for example, is usually grown in hens' eggs, although an effective alternative, Flublok, is widely available in the United States. Non- vegan items acquired before they became vegan might be donated to charity or used until worn out. Some vegan clothes, in particular leather alternatives, are made of petroleum- based products, which has triggered criticism because of the environmental damage involved in their production. Ethical vegans avoid them on the premise that their production causes animal suffering and premature death. In egg production, most male chicks are culled because they do not lay eggs. Female calves are separated from their mothers within 2. Male calves are slaughtered at birth, sent for veal production, or reared for beef. Tofu comes in a variety of textures, depending on water content, from firm, medium firm, and extra firm for stews and stir- fries; to soft or silken for salad dressings, desserts, and shakes. Soy is also eaten in the form of tempeh and texturized vegetable protein (TVP); also known as textured soy protein (TSP), the latter is often used in pasta sauces. Almond milk is lower in dietary energy, carbohydrates and protein. Babies who are not breastfed may be fed commercial infant formula, normally based on cows' milk or soy. The latter is known as soy- based infant formula or SBIF. The recommendation is three or more servings a day of fruit (one of them high in vitamin C, such as citrus fruit, melon or strawberries); two or more of protein- rich legumes (such as soybeans, which can be consumed as soy milk, tofu or tempeh); five or more of whole grains (corn, barley, rice and wheat in products such as bread or cereal); and four or more of vegetables. My. Plate is divided into five groups: grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products (or calcium- fortified soymilk), and protein. The protein includes meat, poultry, seafood, beans and peas, eggs, processed soy products, nuts and seeds. A raw vegan diet includes vegetables, fruits, nuts, grain and legume sprouts, seeds and sea vegetables. There are many variations of the diet, including fruitarianism. Vegans obtain all their protein from plants, omnivores usually a third, and ovo- lacto vegetarians half. Combinations that contain high amounts of all the essential amino acids include rice and beans, corn and beans, and hummus and whole- wheat pita. A deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anaemia and nerve damage. Vegetarians should thus take preventive measures to ensure adequate intake of this vitamin, including regular consumption of supplements containing B1. Plants not washed properly may contain B1. Animals obtain it by eating contaminated plants, other animals, or their own faeces, and become sources of B1. The mouth is another source, but in small amounts and possibly analogue (not biologically active). Tempeh, a fermented soybean food, is cited as another source, perhaps because of contamination during production. Ninety- nine percent of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth. Plant sources include broccoli, turnip, bok choy and kale; the bioavailability of calcium in spinach is poor. The study found that vegans consuming at least 5. Without it bones can become thin and brittle; together with calcium it offers protection against osteoporosis. Vitamin D is produced in the body when ultraviolet rays from the sun hit the skin; outdoor exposure is needed because UVB radiation does not penetrate glass. It is present in salmon, tuna, mackerel and cod liver oil, with small amounts in cheese, egg yolks and beef liver, and in some mushrooms. People with little sun exposure may need supplements. The extent to which sun exposure is sufficient depends on the season, time of day, cloud and smog cover, skin melanin content, and whether sunscreen is worn. According to the National Institutes of Health, most people can obtain and store sufficient vitamin D from sunlight in the spring, summer and fall, even in the far north. They report that some researchers recommend 5–3. Tanning beds emitting 2–6 per cent UVB radiation have a similar effect, though tanning is inadvisable. Cholecalciferol (D3) is synthesized in the skin after exposure to the sun, or consumed in the form of animal products; when produced industrially it is taken from lanolin in sheep's wool. Ergocalciferol (D2) is derived from ergosterol from UV- exposed mushrooms or yeast and is suitable for vegans.
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